Glycopyrronium tosylate

Glycolic acid is a type of alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) that is derived from sugar cane. It is a colorless, odorless, and hygroscopic crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water. It is used in various skin-care products and is known for its potential to improve the skin's appearance and texture.

History

Glycolic acid was first isolated in the 19th century from sugar cane. It was later synthesized in the laboratory by chemists who recognized its potential uses in the field of cosmetics and dermatology.

Properties

Glycolic acid is the smallest alpha-hydroxy acid, which makes it highly soluble and allows it to penetrate the skin more easily. It has a pKa of 3.83, which is lower than other AHAs, meaning it is more acidic and can be more effective.

Uses

Glycolic acid is used in a variety of skin-care products, including cleansers, toners, moisturizers, and peels. It is known for its ability to exfoliate the skin, stimulate new cell growth, and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. It is also used in the textile industry as a dyeing and tanning agent, and in the food industry as a flavoring agent and preservative.

Safety

While glycolic acid is generally safe for use in cosmetics, it can cause skin irritation and sun sensitivity, especially at higher concentrations. It is recommended to use sunscreen when using products containing glycolic acid.

See also

• Alpha-hydroxy acid
• Chemical peel
• Dermatology
• Cosmetics