Gold kiwifruit

Kiwifruit 'Gold' cross section

Gold Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) is a fruit belonging to the genus Actinidia. It is a variant of the common kiwifruit but with a smooth, bronze skin, a beak shape at the stem attachment, and golden flesh. The gold kiwifruit differs from the green kiwifruit not only in color but also in taste, with a more tropical and less tart flavor, and it has a higher Vitamin C content. This fruit is also known by several other names, including yellow kiwifruit, Chinese gooseberry, and kiwi gold.

History

The gold kiwifruit originated from China, where it was first discovered growing wild. It was later developed and commercialized in New Zealand by the New Zealand Crown Research Institute, Plant & Food Research. The development of the gold kiwifruit was aimed at expanding the kiwifruit market by offering a sweeter and more aromatic alternative to the green kiwifruit. The first commercial cultivar of the gold kiwifruit was named 'Hort16A', branded as Zespri Gold.

Cultivation

Gold kiwifruit is cultivated in several countries, including New Zealand, Italy, Chile, and China. The cultivation process requires a temperate climate with adequate rainfall and well-drained soil. The plants are typically grown on trellises in orchards and require careful management of pruning, pest control, and fertilization to ensure high-quality fruit production. The fruit is harvested when it reaches the appropriate size and sugar content, after which it is stored in a cool place until it ripens.

Nutritional Value

Gold kiwifruit is highly nutritious, containing a high amount of Vitamin C, more than that of an orange. It is also a good source of dietary fiber, Vitamin E, and potassium. The fruit has antioxidant properties and contributes to a healthy immune system, aids in digestion, and may help in managing blood pressure.

Culinary Uses

Gold kiwifruit can be eaten fresh or used in various culinary applications. It is commonly used in salads, smoothies, desserts, and as a topping for yogurt and cereals. The fruit's vibrant golden color and sweet flavor make it a popular ingredient in fruit salads and decorative garnishes.

Economic Importance

The gold kiwifruit has become an important agricultural export for countries like New Zealand and Italy. It commands a higher market price than the green kiwifruit due to its perceived superior taste and nutritional benefits. The success of the gold kiwifruit has led to the development of new varieties, such as the SunGold kiwifruit, which has further expanded the market.

Environmental Impact

The cultivation of gold kiwifruit has environmental impacts, including the use of water for irrigation, the application of fertilizers and pesticides, and the energy required for storage and transportation. Efforts are being made to reduce these impacts through sustainable farming practices, such as integrated pest management and efficient water use.