Goliath

Osmar Schindler - David und Goliath

071A.David Slays Goliath

Andrea Vaccaro - David with the Head of Goliath

David and Goliath -1700s

Michelangelo, David and Goliath 02

Goliath is a figure mentioned in the biblical Book of Samuel, where he is described as a giant warrior defeated by the young David, who would later become king of Israel. Goliath's defeat is a popular story used to symbolize the victory of the underdog or the triumph of faith over seemingly insurmountable obstacles. The narrative has been retold in various religious and cultural contexts, making Goliath synonymous with any large or formidable challenge.

Biblical Account

According to the Bible, Goliath hailed from Gath, one of the five city-states of the Philistines, and was a champion of their army. The story, primarily found in 1 Samuel 17, describes how the Philistine army had gathered for war against Israel. Goliath, standing at over six cubits and a span tall—which has traditionally been thought to be around 9 feet 9 inches (about 2.97 meters) based on the oldest manuscripts—challenged the Israelites to send out a champion to decide the outcome of the war in single combat.

For forty days, Goliath issued his challenge without finding any taker among the Israelite forces, led by King Saul. David, a young shepherd boy who was bringing food to his older brothers in the army, heard Goliath's challenge and volunteered to fight him. Despite his youth and lack of armor, David was allowed to face Goliath, armed only with his faith, a sling, and five smooth stones he picked from a stream.

In the ensuing encounter, David slung a stone that hit Goliath on the forehead, causing the giant to fall face down to the ground. David then took Goliath's sword and beheaded him, leading to a rout of the Philistine army by the Israelites. The story highlights themes of faith, courage, and the idea that physical strength and military prowess are not the only factors that determine victory in battle.

Interpretations and Legacy

Goliath's story has been interpreted in various ways throughout history. In religious contexts, it is often seen as a demonstration of God's power to deliver victory to those who have faith. In secular interpretations, the narrative is sometimes viewed as an allegory for overcoming great odds or challenges.

The figure of Goliath has also entered popular culture as a metaphor for a significant obstacle or a powerful adversary. Phrases like "David and Goliath" are commonly used to describe situations where a smaller, weaker opponent faces off against a much stronger adversary.

Cultural Depictions

Goliath has been depicted in numerous works of art, literature, and media. These range from Renaissance paintings that portray the dramatic moment of David's victory to modern books and films that explore the story from various angles, including Goliath's perspective.

See Also

• David
• Philistines
• Book of Samuel
• Biblical giants