Graft (surgery)

Graft (surgery)

A graft is a surgical procedure where tissue is moved from one site to another site on the body of the same individual, or from one individual to another individual of the same species, without bringing its own blood supply with it. Instead, a new blood supply grows in after it is placed. A similar technique where tissue is transferred with the blood supply intact is called a flap.

Types of grafts

There are several types of grafts, including:

• Autograft: Grafts that are taken from and transplanted into the same individual's body.
• Allograft: Grafts that are taken from one individual and transplanted into another individual of the same species.
• Xenograft: Grafts that are taken from one species and transplanted into another species.
• Isograft: Grafts that are taken from one individual and transplanted into a genetically identical individual.
• Prosthetic graft: Grafts that are made from synthetic materials.

Uses of grafts

Grafts are used in many different types of surgeries, including:

• Skin graft: Used to treat extensive wound or burn injuries, skin grafts replace damaged skin with healthy skin taken from another area of the patient's body.
• Bone graft: Used in orthopedic surgeries, bone grafts replace missing or damaged bone tissue.
• Coronary artery bypass graft: Used to treat coronary artery disease, this procedure involves grafting a blood vessel from another part of the body to bypass a blocked artery in the heart.
• Dental graft: Used in dental surgeries, dental grafts can replace missing bone or gum tissue.

Risks and complications

As with any surgical procedure, there are risks associated with grafts. These can include infection, rejection of the graft by the patient's immune system, and failure of the graft to integrate with the surrounding tissue.

See also

• Transplant rejection
• Immunosuppressive drug
• Organ transplantation

Graft (surgery) Resources
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