Granulocytes
Granulocytes are a type of white blood cell that are characterized by the presence of granules in their cytoplasm. They are part of the immune system and play a crucial role in the body's defense against infection and other diseases. There are three types of granulocytes: neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils, each with their own unique functions.
Types of Granulocytes[edit | edit source]
Neutrophils[edit | edit source]
Neutrophils are the most abundant type of granulocytes, making up about 50-70% of all white blood cells in the human body. They are the first line of defense against bacterial and fungal infections. Neutrophils are capable of phagocytosis, a process in which they engulf and destroy foreign substances.
Eosinophils[edit | edit source]
Eosinophils make up about 1-3% of the white blood cells. They are involved in the immune response against parasites and also play a role in allergic reactions. Eosinophils release substances that kill parasites and also contribute to inflammation.
Basophils[edit | edit source]
Basophils are the least common type of granulocytes, accounting for less than 1% of the white blood cells. They are involved in allergic reactions and inflammation. Basophils release histamine, a substance that causes blood vessels to dilate and become more permeable, leading to the symptoms of an allergic reaction.
Function of Granulocytes[edit | edit source]
Granulocytes are part of the body's innate immune system, which provides a rapid response to infection. They are produced in the bone marrow and released into the bloodstream, where they circulate until they are needed. When an infection occurs, granulocytes are attracted to the site of infection by chemical signals, where they perform their defensive functions.
Health Conditions Related to Granulocytes[edit | edit source]
Abnormalities in the number or function of granulocytes can lead to health problems. A high number of granulocytes, known as granulocytosis, can occur in response to infection, inflammation, or certain types of cancer. A low number of granulocytes, known as granulocytopenia, can make a person more susceptible to infections.
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