Hematopoiesis

Hematopoiesis is the process by which the body produces all types of blood cells. This process takes place in the bone marrow, the soft fatty tissue inside bone cavities. The production of blood cells is regulated by the body according to its needs, such as in response to bleeding or infection.

Overview

Hematopoiesis involves the differentiation and proliferation of stem cells into mature blood cells. The process begins with a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC), which can either self-renew to produce more HSCs, or differentiate into any of the various types of blood cells. The differentiation process is regulated by various growth factors and cytokines.

Types of Blood Cells

There are three main types of blood cells produced by hematopoiesis:

• Red blood cells (RBCs), also known as erythrocytes, carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.
• White blood cells (WBCs), also known as leukocytes, are part of the immune system and help the body fight infection.
• Platelets, also known as thrombocytes, are involved in blood clotting.

Disorders of Hematopoiesis

Disorders of hematopoiesis can lead to a variety of diseases, including anemia, leukemia, and myelodysplastic syndromes. These disorders can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetic mutations, infections, exposure to certain chemicals or radiation, and certain medications.

Treatment

Treatment for disorders of hematopoiesis depends on the specific disorder and its cause. Treatments may include medications, blood transfusions, or stem cell transplants.

See Also

• Erythropoiesis
• Leukopoiesis
• Thrombopoiesis

References

Hematopoiesis Resources
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