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Guaiacum officinale, also known as Lignum vitae, is a species of tree in the Zygophyllaceae family, native to the Caribbean and the northern coast of South America. The tree is one of two species that yield the valuable Lignum vitae wood, the other being Guaiacum sanctum.

Description

Guaiacum officinale is a small, slow-growing tree, reaching around 10 meters in height. The tree is evergreen, with dense, dark green foliage. The leaves are compound, with leaflets in pairs opposite each other. The flowers are blue, with five petals, and are followed by yellow-orange fruit.

Distribution and habitat

Guaiacum officinale is native to the Caribbean and the northern coast of South America. It is found in a variety of habitats, from dry coastal scrub to moist forest. The tree is tolerant of a range of soil types, but prefers well-drained soils.

Uses

The wood of Guaiacum officinale is extremely hard, dense, and durable. It is one of the two species that yield the valuable Lignum vitae wood, used for applications where its strength and density are valued, such as in shipbuilding and for making bowling balls.

In addition to its use for wood, Guaiacum officinale has a long history of use in traditional medicine. The resin has been used as a treatment for a variety of conditions, including syphilis, arthritis, and gout.

Conservation

Guaiacum officinale is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List due to overexploitation for its valuable wood and habitat loss. Conservation efforts are focused on protecting remaining populations and promoting sustainable use of the tree's resources.

See also

• Guaiacum sanctum
• Lignum vitae
• Zygophyllaceae

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