Guedel's classification
Guedel's classification is a system used in anesthesiology to describe the stages of anesthesia. It was developed by Arthur Ernest Guedel in 1937. The classification system is based on the patient's reflexes and responses to increasing doses of anesthetic.
Stages of Guedel's Classification[edit | edit source]
Stage I: Analgesia[edit | edit source]
In this stage, the patient is conscious and can respond to verbal commands. Pain sensation is reduced but not completely eliminated. This stage is characterized by analgesia without amnesia.
Stage II: Excitement[edit | edit source]
This stage is characterized by delirium and violent behavior. The patient may experience hallucinations and may not respond to commands. This stage is also known as the stage of delirium or the stage of excitement.
Stage III: Surgical Anesthesia[edit | edit source]
This is the stage where surgery can be performed without causing pain to the patient. The patient is unconscious and does not respond to pain stimuli. This stage is further divided into four planes.
Stage IV: Medullary Paralysis[edit | edit source]
This stage is characterized by respiratory and vasomotor collapse. This is a dangerous and potentially fatal stage of anesthesia.
See Also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
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