Guwahati

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Kamakhya Temple - DEV 8829

Peacock Island , Photo by Vikramjit Kakati 2012

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Guwahati urban morphology

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Sarania-hills-brahmaputra

CIty Center Mall Guwahati

Guwahati is the largest city in the Indian state of Assam and also the largest urban area in Northeast India. A major riverine port city along the banks of the Brahmaputra River, Guwahati is also known as the "Gateway to the Northeast India". It is a significant cultural, economic, and educational hub in the region, playing a crucial role in the connectivity between the northeastern states and the rest of India.

History

The history of Guwahati dates back thousands of years, with references to the city in ancient texts such as the Mahabharata and the Puranas. Historically known as Pragjyotishpura (City of Eastern Light), it served as the capital of the ancient kingdom of Kamarupa and was a vital part of various dynasties that ruled the region. The city's archaeological sites and remains from the past reflect its rich historical legacy.

Geography

Guwahati is situated between the southern bank of the Brahmaputra river and the foothills of the Shillong plateau. This unique geographical location makes it prone to seasonal flooding yet provides lush, scenic landscapes that are characteristic of the region. The city experiences a subtropical humid climate, with moderate to heavy rainfall during the monsoon season.

Economy

The economy of Guwahati is diverse, with sectors such as retail, manufacturing, and services playing significant roles. It is a major commercial and trade hub in Northeast India, with a growing IT sector. The Guwahati Tea Auction Centre is one of the largest tea trading centers in the world, reflecting the importance of tea production in the region's economy.

Culture

Guwahati is a melting pot of cultures, with numerous ethnic groups and communities residing in the city. It is famous for its festivals, traditional dances, and music. The Kamakhya Temple, one of the 51 Shakti Peethas, is located in Guwahati and is a significant pilgrimage site for Hindus. The city also hosts the annual Ambubachi Mela, attracting thousands of pilgrims and tourists.

Education

As an educational hub in the Northeast, Guwahati boasts several prestigious institutions for higher education, including the Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Gauhati University, and Cotton University. These institutions attract students from across the country and play a vital role in the educational landscape of the region.

Transport

Guwahati is well-connected by air, road, and rail. The Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport links the city with the rest of India and international destinations. The city serves as a major railway junction in the Northeast, and its network of national highways facilitates road connectivity to major cities and regions.

Tourism

Tourism is an important aspect of Guwahati's economy, with the city offering a gateway to the northeastern states. Attractions include the Brahmaputra River cruises, Umananda Temple located on Peacock Island in the middle of the Brahmaputra, and the Assam State Museum. The city's natural beauty, wildlife sanctuaries, and historical sites draw both domestic and international tourists.