Haemoptysis

Haemoptysis is the medical term for coughing up blood or blood-stained mucus from the bronchi, larynx, trachea, or lungs. This symptom can be a sign of a serious medical condition, such as lung cancer or a severe infection.

Causes

Haemoptysis can be caused by a variety of conditions, including:

• Lung cancer
• Tuberculosis
• Bronchiectasis
• Pneumonia
• Pulmonary embolism
• Lung abscess
• Cystic fibrosis
• Mitral stenosis
• Goodpasture's syndrome
• Wegener's granulomatosis

Symptoms

The main symptom of haemoptysis is the presence of blood or blood-stained mucus in the cough. Other symptoms can include:

• Shortness of breath
• Chest pain
• Fever
• Weight loss
• Night sweats

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of haemoptysis involves a thorough medical history and physical examination, as well as various tests such as:

• Chest X-ray
• Computed tomography (CT) scan
• Bronchoscopy
• Sputum culture
• Complete blood count (CBC)

Treatment

The treatment of haemoptysis depends on the underlying cause. It may include:

• Antibiotics for infections
• Chemotherapy or radiation therapy for lung cancer
• Bronchial artery embolization for severe bleeding
• Surgery in certain cases

See also

• Hemoptysis
• Cough
• Lung diseases
• Respiratory system

Haemoptysis Resources
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