Haft-sin

Haft-sin (Persian: هفت‌سین), also spelled as Haft-seen, is a traditional table setting of seven symbolic items whose names start with the letter "س" ("S") in the Persian alphabet. It is an integral part of the Nowruz celebrations, which mark the Iranian New Year and the arrival of spring. Nowruz is celebrated by millions of people across the world, particularly in Iran, Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, and other regions influenced by Persian culture.

Etymology

The term "Haft-sin" translates to "seven S's" in Persian, referring to the seven items that begin with the letter "س" ("S"). The number seven is considered auspicious in Persian culture, symbolizing luck and prosperity.

Historical Background

The tradition of Haft-sin has its roots in ancient Zoroastrian practices, where the number seven held significant spiritual meaning. Over time, the practice evolved and became associated with Nowruz, which itself has been celebrated for over 3,000 years. The Haft-sin table is a reflection of the renewal of nature and the hope for a prosperous new year.

Components of Haft-sin

The Haft-sin table typically includes the following seven items:

1. Sabzeh (سبزه) – Sprouted wheat, barley, or lentil representing rebirth and growth.
2. Samanu (سمنو) – A sweet pudding made from wheat germ symbolizing power and strength.
3. Senjed (سنجد) – Dried oleaster fruit representing love.
4. Seer (سیر) – Garlic symbolizing medicine and health.
5. Seeb (سیب) – Apples representing beauty and health.
6. Somaq (سماق) – Sumac berries symbolizing the sunrise and the triumph of good over evil.
7. Serkeh (سرکه) – Vinegar representing age and patience.

Additional Items

In addition to the seven "S" items, the Haft-sin table may also include other symbolic objects such as:

• A mirror, symbolizing reflection and introspection.
• Candles, representing enlightenment and happiness.
• Painted eggs, symbolizing fertility.
• A bowl of water with an orange floating in it, representing the earth floating in space.
• Coins, symbolizing wealth and prosperity.
• A goldfish, representing life and the movement of time.
• A holy book, such as the Quran, or a book of poetry, such as the Divan of Hafez.

Cultural Significance

The Haft-sin table is more than just a collection of items; it is a reflection of the values and hopes of those who celebrate Nowruz. Each item on the table carries deep symbolic meaning, representing various aspects of life and nature. The preparation and arrangement of the Haft-sin table is a family activity, fostering a sense of unity and continuity across generations.

Modern Celebrations

Today, Haft-sin is celebrated not only in Iran but also by the Iranian diaspora around the world. It serves as a cultural bridge, connecting people to their heritage and traditions. The practice has also been embraced by non-Iranian communities who appreciate its symbolism and the universal themes of renewal and hope.

Also see

• Nowruz
• Iranian culture
• Zoroastrianism
• Persian New Year
• Cultural practices of Iran