Harness racing

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Harness racing is a form of horse racing in which the horses race at a specific gait, either a trot or a pace. They pull a two-wheeled cart called a sulky, occupied by a driver. This type of racing is distinguished from other forms of horse racing, such as thoroughbred racing, where the jockeys ride atop the horses. Harness racing is popular in various parts of the world, including the United States, Canada, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand.

History

Harness racing has a rich history dating back to ancient civilizations, where chariot racing was a popular form of entertainment. The modern form of harness racing emerged in the 18th century in the United States, evolving from informal road races between drivers of horse-drawn carriages. The sport quickly gained popularity, leading to the establishment of standard rules and dedicated racetracks.

Racing Gaits

The two main gaits in harness racing are the trot and the pace. A trot is a diagonal gait where the horse's legs move in unison in diagonal pairs - right front and left hind, then left front and right hind. In contrast, a pace is a lateral gait where the horse moves its legs on the same side together - right front and right hind, then left front and left hind. Pacers are often faster than trotters and are less likely to break stride (a disqualification in most races).

Equipment

The primary equipment used in harness racing includes the sulky, a lightweight, two-wheeled cart. The horse wears a harness connected to the sulky, which the driver uses to steer and control the horse. Other equipment includes the bridle, bit, and reins, which are used for communication between the driver and the horse.

Major Races

Several major harness racing events attract attention from around the world. These include the Hambletonian, one of the most prestigious trotting races in the United States, and the Prix d'Amérique in France, which is one of the richest harness races in the world. Other notable races include the Inter Dominion in Australia and New Zealand, and the Elitloppet in Sweden.

Breeds

The most common breed used in harness racing in the United States is the Standardbred. Known for its speed, endurance, and temperament, the Standardbred is ideal for both trotting and pacing. In Europe, other breeds such as the French Trotter and the Russian Trotter also participate in harness racing.

Training and Care

Training a harness racing horse involves conditioning the animal for speed, endurance, and the specific gait required for racing. This includes a regimen of jogging, sprinting, and practice races. Care is also a critical component, with attention to diet, health, and recovery to ensure the horse remains in peak condition for racing.

Regulation

Harness racing is regulated by various national and international bodies that establish rules for the conduct of races, the welfare of the horses, and the certification of drivers and trainers. These organizations include the United States Trotting Association (USTA) in the United States and the International Trotting Association (ITA) for international governance.

Popularity

While harness racing's popularity has fluctuated over the years, it remains a significant part of the horse racing industry. It attracts enthusiasts who appreciate the strategy, skill, and excitement of the races, as well as the tradition and history of the sport.