Haustrum (anatomy)
Haustrum (plural: haustra) refers to the small pouches or sacculations that are formed in the large intestine due to the segmentation of the colon. These structures are created by the contraction of the taeniae coli, which are three separate longitudinal ribbons of smooth muscle on the outside of the colon.
Structure[edit]
The large intestine is divided into several regions, including the cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and the rectum. The haustra are most prominent in the ascending colon and transverse colon, but they can be found throughout the entire length of the large intestine.
Function[edit]
The primary function of the haustra is to facilitate the absorption of water and electrolytes from the chyme that passes through the large intestine. The haustra also play a role in the formation and storage of feces before it is expelled from the body through the rectum and anus.
Clinical Significance[edit]
The presence and appearance of haustra can be important in the diagnosis of various gastrointestinal conditions. For example, the loss of haustra, known as "lead pipe" appearance, can be indicative of ulcerative colitis. Conversely, exaggerated haustral folds may be seen in conditions such as diverticulosis.
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