Hazel Johnson-Brown

Hazel Johnson-Brown (US Army Brigadier General)

Hazel Johnson-Brown (October 10, 1927 – August 5, 2011) was a pioneering African American nurse and military officer who made history by becoming the first African American woman to achieve the rank of Brigadier General in the United States Army. Her illustrious career spanned nursing education, administration, and the military, breaking racial and gender barriers in a time when the United States was grappling with issues of segregation and discrimination.

Early Life and Education

Born in West Chester, Pennsylvania, Hazel Johnson-Brown grew up in a time of significant racial segregation in the United States. Despite the societal challenges, she was determined to pursue a career in nursing. After facing rejection from a local nursing school due to her race, Johnson-Brown's resilience led her to move to New York City, where she enrolled in the Harlem Hospital School of Nursing, graduating in 1950.

Following her initial nursing education, she continued to advance her knowledge and skills, earning a Bachelor of Science in Nursing from Villanova University, a Master of Arts in Nursing Education from Teachers College, Columbia University, and a Ph.D. in Educational Administration from the Catholic University of America.

Military Career

Johnson-Brown's military career began in 1955 when she joined the United States Army Nurse Corps. Her exceptional skills and leadership qualities quickly became evident, leading to a series of promotions and assignments both in the United States and abroad. Throughout her career, she served in various capacities, including as a staff nurse, instructor, and director of nursing education.

In 1979, her groundbreaking appointment as Chief of the Army Nurse Corps came with her promotion to Brigadier General, marking her as the first African American woman to achieve this rank in the United States Army. As Chief, she played a pivotal role in shaping the direction of the Army Nurse Corps, focusing on improving education and training for army nurses and advocating for better health care services for soldiers and their families.

Post-Military Career

After retiring from the military in 1983, Johnson-Brown continued to influence the field of nursing through her work in academia and public service. She served as a professor of nursing and held various administrative positions at prominent universities. Her contributions to nursing and health care were recognized through numerous awards and honors, reflecting her impact on the profession and her pioneering role as a leader and mentor to countless nurses.

Legacy

Hazel Johnson-Brown's legacy is a testament to her resilience, leadership, and dedication to breaking down racial and gender barriers in nursing and the military. Her achievements paved the way for future generations of African American women in the armed forces and the nursing profession. She remains a symbol of perseverance and excellence, inspiring others to pursue their goals despite obstacles.

See Also

• United States Army Nurse Corps
• African Americans in the United States Army
• Women in the military

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