Head-related transfer function

HRTF

HRTFazimuth

== Head-related transfer function ==

The head-related transfer function (HRTF) is a response that characterizes how an ear receives a sound from a point in space. It is a key concept in the field of psychoacoustics and is essential for creating realistic 3D audio experiences. The HRTF encompasses the effects of the pinna, ear canal, head, and torso on the sound waves reaching the eardrum.

Overview

The HRTF is used to simulate the way sounds are heard by an individual, taking into account the unique shape and size of their head and ears. This function is crucial for binaural recording and virtual reality applications, where accurate spatial audio reproduction is necessary.

Components

• Pinna: The outer part of the ear that helps to localize sound sources.
• Ear canal: The tube through which sound waves travel to reach the eardrum.
• Head: The shape and size of the head affect how sound waves are diffracted.
• Torso: The upper body also influences the sound waves before they reach the ears.

Applications

• Virtual reality: Enhances the immersive experience by providing realistic spatial audio.
• Hearing aids: Improves the localization of sounds for the user.
• 3D audio: Used in gaming and cinema to create a more engaging audio environment.

Measurement

HRTFs are typically measured using a dummy head with microphones placed in the ear canals. The head is placed in an anechoic chamber, and sounds are played from various directions to capture the HRTF data.

Related Concepts

• Binaural recording
• Psychoacoustics
• Spatial audio
• Virtual reality
• 3D audio

See also

• Psychoacoustics
• Binaural recording
• Spatial audio
• Virtual reality
• 3D audio