Head crash

Hard disk head crash

Samsung Harddrive headcrash DSCN0124b

RAMAC 305 disk

Head crash is a term used in the field of computer storage specifically referring to a catastrophic failure of a hard disk drive (HDD). This failure occurs when the read-write head of the hard disk, which floats on a thin layer of air generated by the spinning disks (platters), comes into direct contact with the surface of the platter. Since the platters are coated with a magnetic material that stores data, any contact with the read-write head can cause severe data loss and physical damage to the disk surface, often rendering the drive unusable.

Causes

Several factors can lead to a head crash, including:

• Manufacturing defects: Imperfections in the disk or the read-write head can lead to a failure.
• Physical shock: Sudden movements or impacts can cause the head to bounce and touch the platter.
• Wear and tear: Over time, the air bearing can degrade, increasing the risk of contact.
• Environmental factors: Extreme temperatures, humidity, or the presence of particulate matter can interfere with the drive's operation.

Consequences

The immediate consequence of a head crash is the loss of data stored in the affected areas of the platter. In severe cases, the drive may become completely inoperable. The physical damage to the platter's surface can also lead to the spread of debris inside the drive, potentially causing further head crashes or failures.

Prevention and Recovery

To minimize the risk of a head crash, it is important to handle storage devices carefully, avoid exposing them to extreme environmental conditions, and use them within their operational limits. Regular backups are also crucial for preventing data loss.

Data recovery from a drive that has suffered a head crash can be difficult and expensive. It often requires the services of a professional data recovery specialist who can work in a cleanroom environment to avoid further damage during the recovery process.

See also

• Hard disk drive failure
• Data recovery
• Disk storage