Heterolactic fermentation

Heteroduplex DNA is a DNA molecule that is composed of two DNA strands derived from different sources. It is a crucial component in genetic recombination, DNA repair, and DNA replication processes.

Formation[edit | edit source]

Heteroduplex DNA is formed during the process of genetic recombination. This occurs when two DNA molecules of different origin align and exchange segments, resulting in a hybrid molecule. The formation of heteroduplex DNA is facilitated by recombinase enzymes, which catalyze the strand exchange process.

Role in Genetic Recombination[edit | edit source]

In genetic recombination, heteroduplex DNA plays a crucial role. The formation of heteroduplex DNA allows for the exchange of genetic information between two different DNA molecules. This process is essential for increasing genetic diversity and is a key mechanism in evolution.

Role in DNA Repair[edit | edit source]

Heteroduplex DNA is also involved in the process of DNA repair. When a DNA molecule is damaged, the undamaged DNA strand can serve as a template for repair. The formation of a heteroduplex allows the damaged strand to be accurately repaired based on the sequence of the undamaged strand.

Role in DNA Replication[edit | edit source]

During DNA replication, heteroduplex DNA is formed as the parent DNA molecule is unwound and each strand is used as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand. This results in two new DNA molecules, each composed of one original and one newly synthesized strand.

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