Hogmanay

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EdinburghNYE

Edinburgh, UK - panoramio (40)

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Stonehave fireballs 2003

Catalonian Sun Goddess

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John Masey Wright - John Rogers - Robert Burns - Auld Lang Syne

Hogmanay is the Scots word for the last day of the year and is synonymous with the celebration of the New Year (Gregorian calendar) in the Scottish manner. Its official date is 31 December. However, the celebrations usually commence on New Year's Eve and continue into the morning of New Year's Day and, in some cases, extend to 2 January, which is a bank holiday in Scotland. The origins of Hogmanay are unclear, but it may be derived from Norse and Gaelic observances, including the celebration of the winter solstice among the Norse as well as incorporation of customs from the Gaelic Samhain. The celebration of Hogmanay is characterized by unique customs, such as first-footing, the singing of Auld Lang Syne, and the presence of firework displays and bonfires.

Customs and Traditions

One of the most well-known customs of Hogmanay is "first-footing," which starts immediately after midnight. This involves being the first person to cross the threshold of a friend or neighbor and often includes the giving of symbolic gifts such as salt, coal, shortbread, whisky, and black bun, intended to bring different kinds of luck to the householder. The first-footer is traditionally a dark-haired male, a custom that dates back to the Viking era when a blond stranger arriving on your doorstep was not considered a good omen.

The singing of Auld Lang Syne, a Scots poem written by Robert Burns, is a common practice at Hogmanay parties in Scotland and around the world. The song, whose title can be translated as "old long since" or more idiomatically, "days gone by," is sung to bid farewell to the old year at the stroke of midnight.

Large public celebrations can be found in the cities of Edinburgh, Glasgow, Aberdeen, and Stirling, among others. Edinburgh's Hogmanay is one of the largest and most famous New Year celebrations in the world, featuring a street party, concerts, and a massive fireworks display over Edinburgh Castle.

Origins and History

The origins of Hogmanay are not entirely clear, with some historians suggesting it has Norse influences due to the Viking invasion and settlement of Scotland. The celebration of the winter solstice among the Norsemen, which involved lighting bonfires and holding feasts, likely had a significant impact on the development of Hogmanay traditions. Additionally, the incorporation of Gaelic customs from the celebration of Samhain is also thought to have influenced Hogmanay traditions, blending with Norse customs to create a unique Scottish celebration.

Hogmanay Today

In contemporary Scotland, Hogmanay is celebrated with a mix of ancient, traditional, and modern practices. Fire festivals and torchlight processions, such as the one in Stonehaven with its dramatic fireball swinging, pay homage to the celebration's pagan roots. Meanwhile, the widespread use of fireworks and street parties in major cities reflects more modern influences. Despite these variations, the core essence of Hogmanay — the ushering in of the new year with hope, festivity, and community — remains unchanged.

Hogmanay not only marks the end of the year but also symbolizes the continuation of Scotland's rich cultural heritage. Through its unique customs and widespread participation, Hogmanay plays a crucial role in reinforcing Scottish identity and community spirit.