Homozygous

Homozygous refers to the genetic condition where an individual has two identical forms of a particular gene, one inherited from each parent. The term is derived from the Greek words 'homos' meaning same and 'zygon' meaning yoke.

Overview

In genetics, a gene is said to be homozygous when identical alleles of the gene are present on both homologous chromosomes. This can refer to a homozygous dominant trait or a homozygous recessive trait. Homozygous genes can contribute to the onset of genetic disorders when they carry mutations.

Homozygous Dominant

A homozygous dominant trait is one in which both alleles are dominant. This means that the individual will display the dominant phenotype, regardless of the environment or other genetic influences.

Homozygous Recessive

A homozygous recessive trait is one in which both alleles are recessive. This means that the individual will display the recessive phenotype, unless there is a dominant allele present.

Homozygosity in Genetic Disorders

Certain genetic disorders are caused by homozygous recessive alleles. These disorders are often severe and can be fatal. Examples include cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, and Tay-Sachs disease.

See Also

• Heterozygous
• Genotype
• Phenotype
• Dominant gene
• Recessive gene

References

Homozygous Resources
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