Horus

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Ancient Egyptian deity

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Horus, depicted as a falcon-headed man

Other names	Heru, Hor, Har
Name in hieroglyphs
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Horus is one of the most significant deities in ancient Egyptian religion. He is most often depicted as a falcon-headed man and is associated with the sky, kingship, and protection. Horus played a crucial role in the Osiris myth, where he avenged the murder of his father, Osiris, and became the ruler of the living.

Mythology

Horus is the son of Osiris and Isis. According to the myth, Osiris was murdered by his brother Set, who usurped the throne. Isis, with her magical abilities, resurrected Osiris long enough to conceive Horus. Horus was hidden and raised to adulthood by his mother to protect him from Set. Upon reaching maturity, Horus challenged Set for the throne of Egypt, a battle that lasted for many years. Eventually, Horus emerged victorious and became the rightful king.

Symbolism

Horus is often represented by the Eye of Horus, a symbol of protection, royal power, and good health. The eye was believed to have healing and protective powers and was commonly used in amulets. Horus is also associated with the falcon, a bird that symbolizes the sky and kingship.

Worship

Horus was worshipped throughout Egypt, with major cult centers in Edfu and Nekhen. The Temple of Edfu is one of the best-preserved temples dedicated to Horus and provides significant insights into his worship and the rituals performed in his honor.

Family

Horus is part of the Ennead of Heliopolis, a group of nine deities in Egyptian mythology. His consort is Hathor, and together they had four sons: Imset, Hapi, Duamutef, and Qebehsenuef. These sons are associated with the canopic jars used in mummification.

Legacy

Horus's legacy extends beyond ancient Egypt. He was identified with the Greek god Apollo and influenced various aspects of Egyptian culture, including the concept of divine kingship. The pharaohs were considered the earthly embodiment of Horus, and their rule was legitimized through this divine association.

See also

• Osiris
• Isis
• Set
• Eye of Horus
• Temple of Edfu
• Ancient Egyptian religion
• Ennead of Heliopolis