Horvat 'Ethri

PikiWiki Israel 20047 Archeological sites of Israel

Horvat 'Ethri is an archaeological site located in the Judean Hills of Israel. The site dates back to the Second Temple period and has been identified as a Jewish village that existed during the Hasmonean and Herodian periods. The name "Horvat 'Ethri" translates to "ruins of 'Ethri" in Hebrew.

History

The village of Horvat 'Ethri was established during the Hasmonean dynasty and continued to be inhabited through the Herodian period. It is believed to have been destroyed during the Bar Kokhba revolt against the Roman Empire in 132-136 CE. The site provides significant insights into the rural life of Jewish communities during the Second Temple period.

Archaeological Excavations

Excavations at Horvat 'Ethri have revealed a wealth of artifacts and structures, including residential buildings, ritual baths (mikveh), and agricultural installations. The site also features a synagogue, which is a key indicator of the Jewish identity of the village.

Residential Buildings

The residential buildings at Horvat 'Ethri are typical of the period, featuring stone-built houses with multiple rooms. Some houses also include underground storage facilities, which were used to store food and other supplies.

Ritual Baths (Mikveh)

Several ritual baths have been discovered at the site, indicating the importance of ritual purity in the daily lives of the inhabitants. These baths were used for religious purification purposes.

Agricultural Installations

The village had various agricultural installations, including wine presses and olive presses, which suggest that the inhabitants were engaged in viticulture and olive oil production. These activities were common in the region during the Second Temple period.

Significance

Horvat 'Ethri is significant for its well-preserved remains that offer a glimpse into the daily life and religious practices of a Jewish village during the Second Temple period. The site also provides valuable information about the impact of the Bar Kokhba revolt on rural communities in Judea.

See Also

• Second Temple period
• Hasmonean dynasty
• Herodian period
• Bar Kokhba revolt
• Judean Hills
• Mikveh