Houses of Parliament

Houses of Parliament
Palace of Westminster
General information
Architectural style	Gothic Revival
Location	Westminster, London, England
Construction started	1840
Completed	1870
Design and construction
Architect(s)	Charles Barry and Augustus Pugin

The Houses of Parliament, officially known as the Palace of Westminster, serves as the meeting place for both the House of Commons and the House of Lords, the two houses of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Located in Westminster, London, the Palace is a renowned symbol of British politics and architectural grandeur.

History

The original Palace of Westminster was a medieval royal residence that was used by the English monarchs. However, most of the original structure was destroyed in a fire in 1834. The current Gothic Revival masterpiece, designed by architects Charles Barry and Augustus Pugin, was constructed over the following decades, starting in 1840 and completing in 1870.

Architecture

The design of the Palace of Westminster is a quintessential example of the Gothic Revival style, characterized by detailed facades, pointed arches, and ornate decorations. The building stretches over 300 meters along the Thames River and includes over 1,000 rooms, courtyards, and several kilometers of corridors. The most iconic feature of the Palace is the Elizabeth Tower, commonly known as Big Ben, which houses the great bell known by the same name.

Function

The primary function of the Houses of Parliament is to host the meetings of the two houses of the UK Parliament: the House of Commons and the House of Lords. It is here that laws are debated, scrutinized, and passed. The Palace also plays a central role during significant national events, including the State Opening of Parliament.

Cultural Significance

The Palace of Westminster is not only a central point for political life in the United Kingdom but also a significant tourist attraction and a symbol of the history and culture of the nation. It has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site due to its architectural significance and its role in the history of democracy.

Conservation and Restoration

The building faces ongoing conservation challenges, primarily due to its age and the intensive use it experiences. A major restoration and renewal program is planned to start in the mid-2020s, aimed at preserving its architectural heritage and ensuring it can continue to serve its function as the home of the UK Parliament.

In Popular Culture

The Houses of Parliament have been depicted in numerous works of art, literature, and film, often symbolizing British governance and heritage. They remain a potent symbol of the United Kingdom and are recognized worldwide.