Hydraulic brake

Hydraulic action is a geological process associated with the movement of water against a rock surface. It is a significant factor in erosion, the process by which rocks and soil are moved from one location to another, and weathering, the process that breaks down rocks and minerals at Earth's surface.

Mechanism

Hydraulic action occurs when the motion of water against a rock surface produces mechanical weathering. Most commonly, this happens in a river or stream. The force of the water removes rock particles; the process is most effective when the water is moving at high velocity. This process can also occur in the ocean, where waves crashing against the shore can cause significant erosion.

Factors Influencing Hydraulic Action

Several factors can influence the effectiveness of hydraulic action. These include the velocity of the water, the volume of water, the angle at which the water hits the rock surface, and the durability of the rock itself. Softer rocks, such as sandstone or limestone, are more susceptible to hydraulic action than harder rocks like granite.

Effects of Hydraulic Action

Hydraulic action can have significant effects on the landscape. Over time, it can change the course of rivers, form caves in cliff faces, and create other geological features. It is also a contributing factor to the formation of landforms such as waterfalls, gorges, and meanders.

See Also

• Erosion
• Weathering
• River processes
• Coastal processes