Iberis

Iberis+sempervirens

Iberis, commonly known as candytuft, is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Brassicaceae. This genus comprises annuals, perennials, and subshrubs native primarily to the Old World, specifically Europe, Asia, and North Africa. The name Iberis originates from the Iberian Peninsula, a region that encompasses parts of Spain and Portugal, where many species of this genus are found.

Description

Iberis species vary in size and form but are most recognized for their dense clusters of small, four-petaled flowers. These flowers are typically white, but some species and cultivars may display pink, lavender, or purple hues. The leaves of Iberis plants are generally narrow and not more than a few centimeters long, with a simple, lanceolate to ovate shape. The plants have a compact growth habit, making them popular choices for rock gardens, borders, and as ground cover.

Cultivation

Iberis is valued in horticulture for its showy flower clusters and ease of cultivation. These plants prefer well-drained soil and full sun to partial shade. While they are drought-tolerant once established, they benefit from regular watering during prolonged dry periods. Iberis can be propagated from seed or by dividing perennials and subshrubs in the spring or autumn.

Species

There are approximately 30 to 40 species within the genus Iberis. Some of the more commonly known species include:

• Iberis amara – Annual candytuft, native to Europe, known for its medicinal properties and white flowers.
• Iberis sempervirens – Evergreen candytuft, a perennial species popular in gardens for its white flowers and year-round foliage.
• Iberis umbellata – Globe candytuft, an annual species with pink, purple, or white flowers.

Uses

Beyond their ornamental value, some species of Iberis have been used in traditional medicine. For example, Iberis amara is known for its use in treating heart and gastrointestinal issues. However, the primary use of Iberis today is in landscaping and garden design, where they are appreciated for their beauty and low maintenance.

Conservation

While many species of Iberis are common in cultivation, some wild species face threats from habitat loss and overcollection. Conservation efforts are important to ensure the survival of these species in their natural habitats.