Ichthammol

Ichthammol or ammonium bituminosulfonate is a product of natural origin, obtained in the first step by dry distillation of sulfur-rich oil shale (bituminous schists). It is used in medicine as a remedy for treating some skin diseases, such as eczema, psoriasis, and acne. It is commonly used in 10% or 20% concentrate ointment, sometimes called "black drawing salve".

History

Ichthammol was first introduced into medicine towards the end of the 19th century by pharmacist Paul Gerson Unna. Unna, who worked in Hamburg, Germany, used ichthammol in the treatment of skin diseases.

Production

Ichthammol is produced by the dry distillation of oil shale. It is a viscous, black, ammonium salt of sulfonic acid that is extracted from natural bituminous deposits. The raw material is heated in large, specially designed retorts. The resulting product is then purified and neutralized with ammonia.

Medical uses

Ichthammol has anti-inflammatory, bactericidal, and fungicidal properties. It is used to treat a variety of skin conditions, including eczema, psoriasis, acne, and abscesses. It is also used to relieve itching and promote the healing of minor wounds and burns.

Side effects

Side effects of ichthammol are rare but can include skin irritation, redness, and swelling. If these symptoms persist or worsen, medical attention should be sought.

See also

• List of cutaneous conditions
• List of drugs: I
• Pharmacology