Infectious coryza in chickens

Infectious Coryza in Chickens

Infectious coryza is a highly contagious bacterial disease affecting chickens, characterized by respiratory symptoms. It is caused by the bacterium *Avibacterium paragallinarum*.

History

Infectious coryza has been recognized as a significant disease in poultry for many years. It was first described in the early 20th century and has since been reported worldwide, affecting both commercial and backyard flocks.

Etiology

The causative agent of infectious coryza is *Avibacterium paragallinarum*, a Gram-negative bacterium. The bacterium is known for its ability to cause upper respiratory tract infections in chickens.

Transmission

Infectious coryza is primarily spread through direct contact with infected birds or through exposure to contaminated feed, water, or equipment. The disease can also be transmitted via aerosols over short distances.

Clinical Signs

Chickens affected by infectious coryza typically exhibit:

• Nasal discharge
• Swelling of the face and wattles
• Sneezing and coughing
• Reduced egg production
• Anorexia and lethargy

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of infectious coryza is based on clinical signs and can be confirmed by isolating *Avibacterium paragallinarum* from nasal swabs or sinus exudates. Serological tests and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays are also used for confirmation.

Treatment

Antibiotic therapy can be effective in reducing the severity of symptoms and controlling secondary infections. Commonly used antibiotics include sulfonamides and tetracyclines. However, antibiotic resistance can be an issue, and treatment should be guided by sensitivity testing.

Prevention and Control

Preventive measures include:

• Vaccination: Vaccines are available and can provide protection against infectious coryza.
• Biosecurity: Implementing strict biosecurity measures to prevent the introduction and spread of the disease.
• Management practices: Ensuring good ventilation and reducing stress in the flock.

Economic Impact

Infectious coryza can lead to significant economic losses in the poultry industry due to decreased egg production, increased mortality, and costs associated with treatment and prevention.

See Also

• Poultry diseases
• Respiratory diseases in poultry

External Links

• [Poultry Health Resources]
• [Veterinary Guidelines for Poultry]