Interferon beta 1a

Interferon beta-1a is a type of protein and biopharmaceutical used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). It is produced by mammalian cells while they are being infected by viruses. The protein is a type of cytokine, which are proteins that cells use to communicate with each other.

History

Interferon beta-1a was first approved for medical use in the United States in 1996. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, a list of the most important medications needed in a basic health system.

Medical uses

Interferon beta-1a is used to treat relapsing forms of MS. It can reduce the frequency of relapse and slow the progression of disability. It is administered by injection.

Side effects

Common side effects include flu-like symptoms, injection site reactions, and abnormalities in liver function tests. Severe side effects may include liver problems and allergic reactions.

Pharmacology

Interferon beta-1a binds to type I interferon receptors, which activates a cascade of intracellular processes that lead to the expression of numerous interferon-stimulated genes. The expressed proteins have antiviral, antiproliferative, and immune-modulating effects.

Society and culture

Interferon beta-1a is marketed under the brand names Avonex and Rebif by Biogen and Merck Serono, respectively. It is also available as a biosimilar under the brand name CinnoVex by CinnaGen.

See also

• Interferon beta-1b
• Interferon therapy
• Multiple sclerosis