Interleukin 10

Interleukin 10 (IL-10), also known as human cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (CSIF), is an anti-inflammatory cytokine. In humans, it is encoded by the IL10 gene. IL-10 signals through a receptor complex consisting of two IL-10 receptor-1 and two IL-10 receptor-2 proteins. This cytokine is secreted by many cell types, including macrophages and Type 2 helper cells.

Function

IL-10 is a cytokine with multiple, pleiotropic, effects in immunoregulation and inflammation. It down-regulates the expression of Th1 cytokines, MHC class II antigens, and co-stimulatory molecules on macrophages. It also enhances B cell survival, proliferation, and antibody production. This cytokine can block NF-kappa B activity, and is involved in the regulation of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway.

Clinical significance

Mutations in the IL10 gene are associated with an increased susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and/or disease progression. Mice deficient in this gene display impaired immune responses. In addition, IL-10 plays a role in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune diseases, and certain types of cancer.

See also

• Interleukin
• Cytokine
• Immunoregulation
• Inflammation
• HIV-1

External links

• IL10 Gene at NCBI
• IL10 Protein at UniProt