NF-kappa B

NF-kappa B (Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) is a protein complex that controls transcription of DNA, cytokine production and cell survival. NF-kappa B is involved in cellular responses to stimuli such as stress, cytokines, free radicals, ultraviolet irradiation, oxidized LDL, and bacterial or viral antigens.

Function

NF-kappa B plays a key role in regulating the immune response to infection. Incorrect regulation of NF-kappa B has been linked to cancer, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, septic shock, viral infection, and improper immune development. NF-kappa B has also been implicated in processes of synaptic plasticity and memory.

Structure

The NF-kappa B protein complex is held in the cytoplasm by a family of inhibitors, called IκBs, which inactivate NF-kappa B by trapping it in the cytoplasm. NF-kappa B can be activated by a high variety of stimuli including oxidative stress, bacterial or viral antigens, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), cytokines, ionizing radiation, and others.

Role in Disease

Aberrant activation of NF-kappa B is frequently observed in many cancers and is also involved in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. NF-kappa B is also involved in the regulation of the stress response, which can lead to alterations in the function of the nervous system.

See Also

• Cytokines
• Oxidative Stress
• Lipopolysaccharides
• Autoimmune Diseases
• Cancer

NF-kappa B Resources
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