International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation

International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is observed globally on February 6th each year. This day is dedicated to raising awareness and generating action to stop the practice of female genital mutilation (FGM), a human rights violation that affects women and girls worldwide. FGM comprises all procedures that involve altering or injuring the female genitalia for non-medical reasons and is recognized internationally as a violation of the human rights of girls and women.

Background

FGM is practiced in various cultures and communities across the world for reasons including social, economic, and political factors. It is rooted in gender inequality, attempts to control women's sexuality, and ideas about purity, modesty, and beauty. The practice is mostly carried out by traditional circumcisers, who often play other central roles in communities, such as attending childbirths. In many settings, health care providers perform FGM due to the mistaken belief that the procedure is safer when medicalized. WHO strongly opposes healthcare providers' participation in FGM.

International Efforts and Recognition

The United Nations plays a crucial role in combating FGM through its agencies and resolutions. In 2012, the U.N. General Assembly adopted a resolution on the elimination of female genital mutilation. The International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation was first introduced in 2003 by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) as part of their broader efforts to eradicate the practice.

Observance

On this day, governments, international organizations, civil society groups, and communities around the world organize events to educate the public about the dangers of FGM and to promote its elimination. Activities include workshops, seminars, and media campaigns that aim to change perceptions about FGM and support communities in abandoning the practice.

Goals

The primary goal of the International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation is to foster a global environment in which girls and women can live free from the threat or impact of FGM. This involves advocating for the enforcement of laws that ban FGM, supporting survivors, and engaging communities in dialogue to discourage the practice.

Challenges

Despite global efforts, FGM remains a deeply entrenched practice in some cultures, making its eradication challenging. Resistance can come from various quarters, including community leaders, practitioners, and even some women, due to cultural, social, or economic reasons. Education and empowerment of communities, along with legal action, are critical to overcoming these challenges.

Conclusion

The International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation is a vital global observance that highlights the need to end a practice that infringes on the rights and well-being of women and girls. Through continued awareness-raising, advocacy, and community engagement, there is hope that FGM can be eliminated.