Invercargill

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Post Office, Invercargill. ATLIB 289937

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Civic Theatre in Invercargill, New Zealand

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ISS Invercargill

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Parque De La Reina, Invercargill, Nueva Zelanda - panoramio (3)

File:Invercargill Coat of Arms.jpg

Invercargill Coat of Arms

Invercargill is the southernmost and westernmost city in New Zealand, and one of the southernmost cities in the world. It is the commercial center of the Southland Region. Invercargill lies in the heart of the Southern Plains, on the banks of the Oreti River, approximately 18 kilometers from the southern coast of the South Island.

History

The area of Invercargill was originally settled by Māori people, with the Waitaha tribe being the first known inhabitants, followed by the Ngāi Tahu in the 16th century. The city was founded in the 1850s by Scottish settlers and named after William Cargill, a prominent figure in the establishment of the Otago settlement. The development of Invercargill was closely linked to the discovery of gold in Central Otago in 1861, which led to an increase in the population and the establishment of commercial and industrial enterprises.

Geography

Invercargill is located at the southern end of the South Island, making it one of the southernmost cities in the world. The city covers an area of approximately 491 square kilometers and is situated on the Oreti River, which flows into Foveaux Strait. The landscape around Invercargill is predominantly flat, with the exception of some gently rolling hills to the north and northwest.

Climate

The climate in Invercargill is oceanic, characterized by mild summers, cool winters, and regular rainfall throughout the year. The proximity to the Southern Ocean means that the weather can be variable and changeable.

Economy

The economy of Invercargill is largely based on agriculture, with the surrounding Southland Region being one of New Zealand's most important farming areas. Dairy farming, sheep farming, and deer farming are significant contributors to the local economy. In addition to agriculture, Invercargill has a growing tertiary education sector, with the Southern Institute of Technology (SIT) offering a zero-fees scheme that has attracted students from across New Zealand and overseas.

Culture and landmarks

Invercargill is known for its Edwardian and Victorian architecture, including the Invercargill Water Tower and the Civic Theatre. The city is also home to Queens Park, a large park in the city center that features a range of gardens, an aviary, and sports facilities. The Southland Museum and Art Gallery offers insights into the region's history and culture.

Transport

Invercargill is well-connected by road to the rest of the South Island, with major highways leading north towards Dunedin and Queenstown. The city also has an airport, Invercargill Airport, which offers domestic flights to major cities in New Zealand. Public transport within the city includes bus services operated by Environment Southland.

Education

Invercargill offers a range of educational facilities, including primary, secondary, and tertiary institutions. The Southern Institute of Technology (SIT) is a key tertiary institution, known for its zero-fees scheme, which attracts students from across New Zealand and internationally.

Demographics

As of the latest census, Invercargill has a diverse population, with a mix of ethnic groups including European, Māori, Pacific Islanders, and Asian communities. The city's population has been gradually increasing, with growth attributed to both natural increase and immigration.

See also

• Southland Region
• Southern Institute of Technology
• Oreti River