Iodoquinol

Iodoquinol is an antiprotozoal agent that is used in the treatment of amoebiasis. It is also known as diiodohydroxyquin or iodoquinol and is sold under several brand names, such as Yodoxin, Diquinol, and others.

Chemistry

Iodoquinol is a quinoline derivative, with the chemical formula C9H5I2NO. It is a white to pale yellow crystalline powder that is slightly soluble in water and alcohol. The compound has a molecular weight of 396.95 g/mol.

Pharmacology

Iodoquinol works by damaging the DNA of the protozoa that cause amoebiasis, thereby killing them. It is effective against both the trophozoite and cyst stages of the parasite. The drug is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, which allows it to exert its effect directly on the parasites in the intestines.

Uses

Iodoquinol is primarily used to treat amoebiasis, a parasitic infection caused by the amoeba Entamoeba histolytica. It is also used to treat other parasitic infections, such as giardiasis and balantidiasis. In addition, it is used as a topical agent in the treatment of dermatitis herpetiformis, a skin condition associated with celiac disease.

Side Effects

The most common side effects of iodoquinol include nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, and itching. Rare but serious side effects include optic neuritis, peripheral neuropathy, and thyroid dysfunction.

Precautions

Patients with thyroid disease, liver disease, or kidney disease should use iodoquinol with caution. It should not be used in pregnant women unless the benefits outweigh the risks.

Interactions

Iodoquinol may interact with other medications, including thyroid hormones, anticoagulants, and antidiabetic drugs. Patients should inform their healthcare provider of all medications they are taking before starting treatment with iodoquinol.