Irish Fright

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Irish Fright refers to a historical event that took place in England in December 1688, during the Glorious Revolution. The term describes the widespread panic and fear among the English population due to rumors of an imminent invasion by Irish soldiers loyal to James II.

Background

The Glorious Revolution was a pivotal event in English history, leading to the overthrow of King James II and the ascension of William of Orange and Mary II to the English throne. James II, a Catholic monarch, faced opposition from Protestant factions within England, leading to political instability.

The Panic

In December 1688, as William of Orange's forces advanced towards London, rumors began to spread that Irish troops loyal to James II were marching towards England to support the king. These rumors were unfounded but caused widespread panic among the English populace. The fear was exacerbated by existing anti-Catholic sentiment and the recent memory of the Irish Rebellion of 1641, which had left a lasting impression of violence and unrest associated with Irish soldiers.

Consequences

The Irish Fright led to a series of violent incidents and mob actions against suspected Irish soldiers and Catholic sympathizers. In some areas, local militias were formed to defend against the perceived threat. The panic subsided only after it became clear that no Irish invasion was forthcoming and that William of Orange's position was secure.

Legacy

The Irish Fright is an example of how rumors and fear can lead to widespread social unrest. It highlights the deep-seated religious and ethnic tensions in England during the late 17th century. The event is often studied in the context of the Glorious Revolution and the broader history of anti-Catholic sentiment in England.

See also

• Glorious Revolution
• James II of England
• William III of England
• Mary II of England
• Irish Rebellion of 1641

Further reading

• Glorious Revolution
• Anti-Catholicism in the United Kingdom
• History of Ireland (1536–1691)