Sciatic nerve

Sciatic nerve

The Sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the human body. It begins in the lower back and runs through the buttock and down the lower limb. It is the longest and widest single nerve in the human body, going from the top of the leg to the foot on the posterior aspect.

Anatomy

The sciatic nerve originates from the Lumbar plexus, specifically from lumbar nerves L4 through L3 and sacral nerves S1 through S3. It leaves the pelvis through the Greater sciatic foramen to enter the gluteal region, travelling down the back of the leg to supply motor and sensory innervation to the lower limb.

Function

The sciatic nerve supplies sensation to the skin of the foot, as well as the entire lower leg (except for its inner side). Sensation to skin to the sole of the foot is provided by the Tibial nerve, and the lower leg and upper surface of the foot via the Common fibular nerve.

Clinical significance

Damage to the sciatic nerve can cause Sciatica, a type of pain that radiates along the path of the sciatic nerve. This pain is typically felt in the lower back and hip, and going down the back of one leg.

See also

• Nervous system
• Peripheral nervous system
• Spinal nerve

References

Sciatic nerve Resources
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