Javan lapwing

Javan Lapwing (Vanellus macropterus), also known as the Javanese Lapwing, is a highly endangered species of bird in the plover family, Charadriidae. It is endemic to the island of Java in Indonesia. Due to its critical status, the Javan Lapwing is a subject of significant conservation concern.

Description

The Javan Lapwing is a medium-sized wader, characterized by its striking appearance. Adults typically have a length of approximately 25 to 27 cm. They possess a distinctive black crown and nape, which contrasts sharply with their white face and underparts. The back and wings are predominantly grey, with the wings featuring conspicuous white patches visible during flight. The bird's bill is black, and it has long, yellow legs, which are a common trait among lapwings.

Habitat and Distribution

Historically, the Javan Lapwing was found in wetland areas across Java, including marshes, rice paddies, and the edges of freshwater lakes. However, its population has drastically declined, and sightings have become exceedingly rare. The primary causes of its decline are habitat destruction due to agricultural expansion, human encroachment, and possibly the effects of pesticide use. As of the last assessments, the species is feared to be on the brink of extinction, with only a few, unconfirmed sightings in recent years.

Behaviour

Little is known about the specific behaviours of the Javan Lapwing due to its rarity. Generally, lapwings are known for their ground-nesting habits, laying eggs in shallow depressions on the ground. They are also known for their vocal nature, especially during the breeding season, and their diet primarily consists of insects and other small invertebrates.

Conservation Status

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has classified the Javan Lapwing as Critically Endangered. The primary threats to its survival are habitat loss and degradation. Conservation efforts are urgently needed to protect the remaining habitat and to possibly identify and safeguard any remaining populations of this elusive bird. Initiatives could include habitat restoration, the establishment of protected areas, and community-based conservation programs to mitigate human impact.

See Also

• Charadriidae
• Endangered species
• Conservation status
• Habitat destruction