Jelly fungus

Jelly Fungus is a common name for several species of fungus that produce fruiting bodies with a gelatinous consistency. The term is most often used to refer to species within the Basidiomycota phylum, although some Ascomycota are also referred to as jelly fungi. Jelly fungi can be found worldwide and are most commonly seen on decaying wood.

Characteristics

Jelly fungi are characterized by their unique, jelly-like texture. This is due to the presence of a polysaccharide called tremellan, which absorbs water and swells to give the fungus its distinctive consistency. The color of jelly fungi can vary widely, from clear and translucent to bright orange or black.

Life Cycle

Like all fungi, jelly fungi reproduce through the release of spores. The spores are produced in structures called basidia, which are typically located on the underside of the fruiting body. Once released, the spores are carried by the wind to a new location where they can germinate and form a new fungus.

Ecology

Jelly fungi are primarily saprophytic, meaning they obtain their nutrients by decomposing dead organic material. They are commonly found on decaying wood, where they play an important role in the breakdown of lignin and cellulose.

Edibility

Some species of jelly fungus are edible and are used in various cuisines around the world. For example, the wood ear fungus is a common ingredient in Chinese and other East Asian cuisines.

Notable Species

Some notable species of jelly fungus include:

• Auricularia auricula-judae - Also known as the wood ear or Judas's ear, this species is commonly used in cooking.
• Tremella mesenterica - Known as the yellow brain, golden jelly fungus, or witch's butter, this species is often found on decaying hardwoods.
• Dacrymyces palmatus - Commonly known as the orange jelly, this species is often found on conifer wood.