Jersey

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Assize d'Heritage

Jour d'la Libéthâtion Jèrri 9 d'Mai 2012 81

States Building in St Helier Jersey

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Jersey Airport signage in Jèrriais

Jersey is the largest of the Channel Islands, located in the English Channel near the coast of Normandy, France. Despite its proximity to France, Jersey is a British Crown Dependency, which means it is not part of the United Kingdom but is self-governing under the monarchy. The island has its own financial, legal, and judicial systems but relies on the UK for defense and international representation.

History

The history of Jersey is marked by its strategic location between the northern coast of France and the southern coast of England. It has been inhabited since prehistoric times, with evidence of Neolithic settlements. The island was part of the Duchy of Normandy in the 10th century and came under English control in 1066, following the Norman Conquest. Despite the close geographical proximity to France, Jersey has remained loyal to the British crown since the division of the Duchy of Normandy in 1204.

Geography

Jersey spans an area of 45 square miles, making it the largest of the Channel Islands. Its landscape is characterized by rugged cliffs, sandy beaches, and lush valleys. The island's highest point is Les Platons, which is 143 meters above sea level. Jersey's climate is milder than that of the UK, with warm summers and mild winters, benefiting from its location in the Bay of St Malo.

Economy

The economy of Jersey is largely driven by international finance, which accounts for a significant portion of the island's income. Other important sectors include tourism, agriculture, and retail. Jersey is known for its low tax regime, which has made it a popular location for offshore banking and financial services.

Culture

Jersey has a rich cultural heritage that reflects its Norman roots as well as its British connections. The island's official languages are English and French, although Jèrriais, a Norman-French dialect, is also spoken by a small minority. Annual events such as the Battle of Flowers and La Fête dé Noué highlight the island's traditions and attract visitors from around the world.

Government

As a Crown Dependency, Jersey is not part of the United Kingdom and has its own autonomous government. The island's political system is a parliamentary democracy, and it has its own assembly, the States of Jersey, which is responsible for local legislation. The Lieutenant Governor represents the British monarch on the island.

Demographics

Jersey has a diverse population, with a mix of British, Portuguese, and Polish communities among others. The island's population is approximately 100,000, with the majority residing in the capital, Saint Helier.

Transport

Jersey is accessible by air and sea. The island has one airport, Jersey Airport, which offers flights to the United Kingdom and other European destinations. Ferry services operate between Jersey and both the United Kingdom and France, providing vital links for passengers and freight.

Education

Education in Jersey follows the British system, with a range of state, private, and fee-paying schools offering education from primary to secondary levels. The island also has a college for further education, Highlands College, which offers a range of vocational and academic courses.

Healthcare

Jersey provides comprehensive healthcare services to its residents, with a general hospital in Saint Helier offering a wide range of medical treatments. The healthcare system is funded through taxation and health insurance schemes.