Jesse Gelsinger

Overview of Jesse Gelsinger's case in gene therapy

Jesse Gelsinger

Jesse Gelsinger

Jesse Gelsinger was an American teenager who became widely known for his involvement in a clinical trial for gene therapy that resulted in his death. His case is often cited in discussions about the ethics and safety of gene therapy and clinical trials.

Early Life

Jesse Gelsinger was born in 1981 and was diagnosed with a genetic disorder known as ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD), a rare metabolic disorder that affects the liver's ability to eliminate ammonia from the bloodstream. Unlike many with the condition, Jesse's form was mild, allowing him to lead a relatively normal life with dietary restrictions and medication.

The Clinical Trial

In 1999, Jesse Gelsinger participated in a clinical trial at the University of Pennsylvania aimed at treating OTCD through gene therapy. The trial was led by Dr. James M. Wilson, a prominent researcher in the field. The therapy involved injecting an adenoviral vector carrying a corrected gene into the liver.

The Incident

On September 13, 1999, Jesse received the gene therapy treatment. Shortly after the administration, he experienced a severe immune response, leading to multiple organ failure and brain death. Jesse Gelsinger died four days later, on September 17, 1999.

Impact and Controversy

Jesse Gelsinger's death had a profound impact on the field of gene therapy. It raised significant ethical questions about the conduct of clinical trials, informed consent, and the oversight of experimental treatments. The incident led to increased scrutiny of gene therapy trials and regulatory changes by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

The case also highlighted issues related to conflicts of interest, as it was revealed that Dr. Wilson held a financial stake in the company developing the therapy. This raised concerns about the potential for bias in the trial's design and execution.

Legacy

Jesse Gelsinger's case remains a pivotal moment in the history of gene therapy. It serves as a cautionary tale about the risks of experimental treatments and the importance of ethical standards in medical research. The lessons learned from this incident continue to influence the development and regulation of gene therapies today.

Related Pages

• Gene therapy
• Clinical trial
• Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency
• James M. Wilson
• Food and Drug Administration