Kendayan people

Dayak Kanayatn

Kendayan people, also known as Salako or Seduan, are an indigenous ethnic group native to the island of Borneo, primarily found in the western part of Kalimantan, Indonesia, and in parts of Malaysia and Brunei. The Kendayan people are known for their unique culture, language, and traditions, which have been preserved over centuries despite the influences of modernization and external cultures.

Ethnography

The Kendayan people belong to the larger Austronesian ethnic group, which is spread across the Pacific and Indian Oceans. They speak the Kendayan language, a member of the Malayic branch of the Malayo-Polynesian languages. This language serves as a crucial element of their identity, embodying their cultural narratives, traditions, and social practices.

Culture and Society

Kendayan society is traditionally agrarian, with rice cultivation being the cornerstone of their economy. They employ a slash-and-burn method of farming, known locally as ladang. Besides agriculture, the Kendayan people are also skilled in hunting, fishing, and gathering forest products, which play significant roles in their subsistence.

The Kendayan social structure is characterized by kinship and communal living. Villages, known as longhouses, are the primary residential units, where extended families live in close proximity, sharing daily responsibilities and rituals. These longhouses are not only living spaces but also centers for social, cultural, and ceremonial activities.

Religion and Beliefs

Traditionally, the Kendayan people practiced animism, believing in the presence of spirits in natural objects and phenomena. However, with the advent of Islam and Christianity in the region, many Kendayan have converted to these religions. Despite this, many traditional beliefs and rituals are still practiced, often syncretized with their adopted religions.

Traditional Attire and Crafts

Kendayan traditional attire is rich in motifs and colors, often made from natural fibers. Their crafts, including weaving and beadwork, are highly regarded for their intricacy and aesthetic value. These crafts are not only used for ceremonial attire but also for everyday use, reflecting the Kendayan people's deep connection to their cultural heritage.

Challenges

The Kendayan people face several challenges, including the loss of their traditional lands due to deforestation and the expansion of palm oil plantations. This has not only affected their traditional way of life but also posed significant environmental concerns. Additionally, the globalization and assimilation policies have led to the erosion of their language and cultural practices.

Preservation Efforts

Efforts are being made to preserve the Kendayan culture and language through educational programs, cultural festivals, and the documentation of their traditional knowledge. These initiatives aim to foster a greater understanding and appreciation of Kendayan heritage among younger generations and the wider community.