LEKTI-2

Ideogram human chromosome 5

LEKTI-2 LEKTI-2, also known as Lympho-Epithelial Kazal-Type Inhibitor 2, is a protein encoded by the SPINK9 gene in humans. It belongs to the serine protease inhibitor family and plays a crucial role in regulating protease activity in various tissues. Structure and Function LEKTI-2 consists of multiple Kazal-type serine protease inhibitor domains that enable it to inhibit the activity of serine proteases. These proteases are enzymes involved in various physiological processes, including blood clotting, inflammation, and digestion. By inhibiting serine proteases, LEKTI-2 helps maintain the balance of protease activity in the body. Role in Skin Barrier Function In the skin, LEKTI-2 is essential for maintaining the integrity of the epidermal barrier. It regulates the activity of proteases involved in skin desquamation, the process of shedding dead skin cells. Disruption of LEKTI-2 function can lead to skin disorders characterized by abnormal desquamation, such as Netherton syndrome. Clinical Implications Mutations in the SPINK9 gene encoding LEKTI-2 have been associated with skin disorders and impaired skin barrier function. Understanding the role of LEKTI-2 in skin biology is crucial for developing targeted therapies for these conditions. Research and Future Directions Research on LEKTI-2 continues to uncover its significance in skin health and disease. Further studies are needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms by which LEKTI-2 regulates protease activity and to explore its potential therapeutic applications in dermatology. References 1. Chavanas S, Bodemer C, Rochat A, et al. Mutations in SPINK5, encoding a serine protease inhibitor, cause Netherton syndrome. Nat Genet. 2000;25(2):141-142. 2. Descargues P, Deraison C, Bonnart C, et al. Spink5-deficient mice mimic Netherton syndrome through degradation of desmoglein 1 by epidermal protease hyperactivity. Nat Genet. 2005;37(1):56-65.