Langerhans cells

Langerhans cells are a type of dendritic cell found in the epidermis (the outer layer of the skin). They are part of the immune system and play a crucial role in the body's defense against pathogens.

Function

Langerhans cells are primarily responsible for the detection of foreign substances in the skin. They capture, process, and present antigens to T cells, initiating an immune response. They also play a role in allergy development and the maintenance of skin homeostasis.

Structure

Langerhans cells are characterized by their unique cytoplasmic granules, known as Birbeck granules. These granules are thought to be involved in the process of antigen presentation.

Development

Langerhans cells originate from the bone marrow. They migrate to the skin during fetal development and remain there throughout life, periodically renewing themselves.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the number or function of Langerhans cells can lead to disease. For example, a decrease in Langerhans cells is associated with HIV infection, while an increase is seen in certain skin diseases such as psoriasis and eczema.

See also

• Dendritic cell
• Immune system
• Epidermis
• Antigen
• T cell
• Allergy
• Homeostasis
• Cytoplasm
• Bone marrow
• HIV
• Psoriasis
• Eczema

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