Language localisation

Language localisation (or localization, see Spelling differences) is the process of adapting a product's translation to a specific country or region. It is the second phase of a larger process of product translation and cultural adaptation (for specific countries, regions, cultures) to account for differences in distinct markets, a process known as internationalization and localization. The aim of localisation is to give a product the look and feel of having been created for the target market to eliminate or minimize local sensitivities.

Overview

Language localisation is not merely the translation of the product's literature or packaging from one language to another. It also involves a comprehensive study of the target culture in order to correctly adapt the product to local needs. Localisation includes the adaptation of legal requirements, currency, national holidays, culturally sensitive color usage, product or service names, gender roles, and so on. For software, localisation involves adapting elements such as the user interface, documentation, graphics, and functionalities.

Process

The process of localisation can be divided into several steps: assessment of the local market, cultural research, linguistic translation and adaptation, technical modifications, local market testing, and maintenance. Each of these steps requires close collaboration between translators, researchers, marketing experts, and other professionals to ensure that the product accurately reflects the target culture and language nuances.

Translation and Adaptation

Translation is a significant part of the localisation process, but it is not enough on its own. The adaptation process may involve modifying content to suit the tastes and consumption habits of other markets. This can include changing idioms, measurement units, date formats, and cultural references to be more relevant or appropriate for the target audience.

Technical Localisation

Technical localisation refers to the adaptation of a product's non-textual components, such as software code, to ensure it functions in a new locale. This includes adapting software to support local currencies, date formats, text input, and display. It also involves ensuring that the software is compatible with local hardware and software standards.

Importance

Localisation is crucial for companies that wish to enter international markets as it can significantly impact the acceptance and success of a product. A well-localised product can overcome cultural barriers and meet the specific needs and preferences of the target market, leading to higher satisfaction and loyalty among local customers.

Challenges

Localisation poses several challenges, including linguistic diversity, cultural differences, technical issues related to text display and input, and the need for extensive local market knowledge. Companies often rely on localisation experts and tools to overcome these challenges.

Tools and Technologies

Various software tools and technologies are used in the localisation process, including Translation Management Systems (TMS), Computer-Assisted Translation (CAT) tools, and localisation platforms. These tools help streamline the localisation process, improve efficiency, and ensure consistency across different parts of the product.

See also

• Internationalization and localization
• Globalization
• Cultural adaptation
• Translation