Lansium domesticum

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Lansium domesticum, commonly known as langsat or lansone, is a species of tree in the Mahogany family. It is native to Southeast Asia and is widely cultivated for its edible fruit. The tree is medium-sized, reaching heights of up to 30 meters in well-drained, fertile soils. It thrives in tropical climates, requiring ample rainfall and protection from strong winds.

Description

The Lansium domesticum tree is characterized by its dense, dark green foliage and small, yellowish-white flowers. The flowers are hermaphroditic, meaning they contain both male and female reproductive parts, which allows for self-pollination. The fruit of the tree is small, oval-shaped, and typically measures 2 to 5 centimeters in diameter. It has a thin, leathery skin that ranges in color from yellow to light brown when ripe. The flesh of the fruit is translucent, juicy, and segmented, with a sweet and sour taste that is highly prized in its native regions. Each segment contains one or two seeds that are bitter and should not be eaten.

Cultivation

Lansium domesticum is primarily grown in Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines, but it can also be found in other parts of Southeast Asia and in some tropical areas of the Americas. The tree prefers slightly acidic to neutral soil (pH 5-7) and does not tolerate prolonged drought or flooding. It is usually propagated through seeds, although grafting is also used to produce superior fruit varieties.

Uses

The fruit of the Lansium domesticum tree is consumed fresh and is also used in a variety of culinary applications. It can be made into jams, syrups, and desserts, or added to savory dishes for a touch of sweetness. In traditional medicine, various parts of the tree, including the fruit, bark, and leaves, are used to treat a range of ailments, from diarrhea and malaria to fevers and skin diseases.

Cultural Significance

In its native regions, the langsat fruit holds cultural significance and is often featured in festivals and celebrations. It is also a popular gift item during certain holidays and gatherings.

Conservation

While not currently listed as endangered, the Lansium domesticum tree faces threats from deforestation and the conversion of land for agriculture and urban development. Efforts to conserve the species include the establishment of protected areas and the promotion of sustainable farming practices.