Lardizabala

Lardizabala

Lardizabala biternata (flowers) Inao Vásquez 001

Lardizabala is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lardizabalaceae, native to South America. This genus is named after the Spanish botanist José Lardizábal y Uribe. It is comprised of woody, climbing plants known for their ornamental value and, in some cases, their edible fruits. The most well-known species within this genus is Lardizabala biternata, often referred to as the "Zarzaparrilla de Chile" or "Cocora".

Description

Plants in the genus Lardizabala are evergreen climbers with twining stems. They bear alternate, palmately compound leaves with three to five leaflets. The flowers are dioecious, meaning that individual plants produce either male or female flowers, but not both. The flowers are small and usually purple or green, appearing in the late winter or early spring. Female plants produce large, edible fruits that are highly valued in their native regions. The fruit is oblong, with a leathery skin enclosing several black seeds embedded in a fleshy, sweet pulp.

Distribution and Habitat

Lardizabala species are endemic to the temperate forests of South America, particularly in Chile and parts of Argentina. They thrive in humid, shaded areas, often climbing on other vegetation to reach sunlight. Their natural habitat includes both lowland areas and mountainous regions up to moderate elevations.

Cultivation and Uses

In cultivation, Lardizabala species are valued for their ornamental foliage, fragrant flowers, and unusual fruits. They require a sheltered position, preferably against a wall or fence where they can climb, and are best grown in well-drained, fertile soil. While they can tolerate a degree of cold, they are not frost-hardy and may need protection in cooler climates.

The fruit of Lardizabala biternata is the most commonly consumed part of the plant. It is eaten fresh or used in the preparation of desserts and beverages. The sweet, aromatic pulp is considered a delicacy in its native range.

Conservation

As with many native plants, the conservation status of Lardizabala species depends on their habitat's integrity and the pressures of harvesting. While not currently listed as endangered, habitat destruction and over-collection of wild plants for their ornamental and edible value could pose threats to their populations.

See Also

• Lardizabalaceae
• Dioecious plants
• Climbing plant
• Flora of Chile
• Flora of Argentina