Lateral sacral arteries

Lateral Sacral Arteries

The lateral sacral arteries are a pair of arteries that arise from the posterior division of the internal iliac arteries. They play a crucial role in the blood supply to the sacrum and surrounding structures. In this article, we will explore the anatomy, function, and clinical significance of the lateral sacral arteries.

Anatomy

The lateral sacral arteries typically arise from the posterior division of the internal iliac artery, which is one of the main branches of the common iliac artery. They usually originate just below the level of the superior gluteal artery. Each lateral sacral artery gives off several branches that supply the sacrum, coccyx, and adjacent muscles.

Function

The lateral sacral arteries provide the main blood supply to the sacrum, which is the triangular bone located at the base of the spine. These arteries also contribute to the blood supply of the coccyx, the small bone at the end of the vertebral column. Additionally, the lateral sacral arteries supply the surrounding muscles, including the piriformis, gluteus maximus, and erector spinae muscles.

Clinical Significance

The lateral sacral arteries can be involved in various pathological conditions. For instance, in cases of sacral fractures or tumors, injury to these arteries can lead to significant bleeding. Additionally, the lateral sacral arteries may be affected by atherosclerosis, which can result in reduced blood flow to the sacrum and surrounding structures. This can lead to ischemic conditions and subsequent complications.

See Also

• Internal iliac artery
• Sacrum
• Coccyx
• Atherosclerosis