Lateral sacral artery

Lateral Sacral Artery

The Lateral Sacral Artery is an important blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the sacrum and surrounding structures. It is a branch of the Internal Iliac Artery, which is one of the main arteries in the pelvis.

Anatomy

The Lateral Sacral Artery arises from the posterior division of the Internal Iliac Artery. It usually originates near the level of the sacroiliac joint, which is the joint between the sacrum and the ilium bone of the pelvis. From there, it descends along the lateral surface of the sacrum, giving off branches to various structures in the area.

The artery typically divides into two main branches: the Superior Lateral Sacral Artery and the Inferior Lateral Sacral Artery. These branches supply blood to the sacrum, the sacroiliac joint, and the surrounding muscles and ligaments.

Function

The Lateral Sacral Artery plays a crucial role in providing oxygenated blood to the sacrum and its surrounding structures. The sacrum is a triangular bone located at the base of the spine, consisting of five fused vertebrae. It forms the posterior part of the pelvis and provides support for the spine and the weight of the upper body.

The blood supplied by the Lateral Sacral Artery nourishes the sacrum, ensuring its proper function and health. Additionally, the artery also supplies blood to the sacroiliac joint, which is essential for maintaining the stability and mobility of the pelvis.

Clinical Significance

In certain medical conditions, the Lateral Sacral Artery may become compromised, leading to potential health issues. For example, in cases of trauma or injury to the pelvis, the artery may be damaged, resulting in reduced blood flow to the sacrum and surrounding structures. This can lead to pain, dysfunction, and impaired healing.

Furthermore, the Lateral Sacral Artery can be affected by various diseases, such as atherosclerosis or aneurysm formation. Atherosclerosis is the buildup of plaque within the artery, which can restrict blood flow and potentially cause ischemia. An aneurysm is an abnormal dilation of the artery, which can lead to rupture and severe bleeding.