Lavender foal syndrome

Lavender Foal Syndrome (LFS), also known as Coat Color Dilution Lethal (CCDL), is a rare genetic disorder affecting equine species, particularly Arabian horses. This autosomal recessive condition is characterized by a range of symptoms primarily affecting the nervous system, with afflicted foals often being stillborn or dying shortly after birth. The name "Lavender Foal Syndrome" derives from the unique coat color of affected foals, which can appear pale or lavender, particularly in the coat, mane, and tail.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Lavender Foal Syndrome manifests through several neurological symptoms, including seizures, an inability to stand (ataxia), and severe muscle spasticity. These symptoms are a result of improper development of the neurons in the foal's brain. Diagnosis is typically based on clinical signs and genetic testing, which can identify the specific mutation responsible for LFS. This genetic test is crucial for breeders to avoid mating carriers that can produce affected offspring.

Genetics

The condition is caused by a mutation in the MYO5A gene, which plays a significant role in melanocyte function and the transport of melanosomes. This mutation is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that a foal must inherit two copies of the mutated gene (one from each parent) to exhibit symptoms of LFS. Carriers of only one copy of the mutation do not show any symptoms but can pass the gene to their offspring.

Management and Prevention

There is no cure for Lavender Foal Syndrome, and the management of affected foals is supportive, focusing on the comfort and care of the foal during its short life. Prevention is the most effective approach, involving genetic testing of potential breeding horses to identify carriers of the LFS mutation. By avoiding the breeding of two carriers, the risk of producing affected foals can be significantly reduced.

Impact on Breeding

Lavender Foal Syndrome has a significant impact on the horse breeding industry, particularly within breeds where the mutation is present. The availability of genetic testing has become a valuable tool for breeders aiming to eliminate the disease from their breeding lines. Despite its rarity, the severe nature of the condition and its lethal outcome necessitate responsible breeding practices to prevent the birth of affected foals.

See Also

• Genetic disorder
• Equine coat color genetics
• Arabian horse