List of MeSH codes (D12.776.930)

MeSH codes (D12.776.930) refer to a specific subset of the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) system, which is a comprehensive controlled vocabulary for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. MeSH codes facilitate searching for subjects within databases by providing a standardized set of terms for a wide range of topics. The D12.776.930 series of MeSH codes specifically pertains to Transcription Factors, which are proteins involved in the process of converting, or transcribing, DNA into RNA. Transcription factors play a critical role in regulating gene expression and are essential for the proper functioning of cells and organisms.

Overview

Transcription Factors (MeSH code D12.776.930) are a group of proteins that bind to specific DNA sequences, thereby controlling the flow of genetic information from DNA to mRNA. They function as part of the complex machinery that regulates gene expression, ensuring that genes are turned on or off at the right times and in the right cells. This regulation is crucial for processes such as cell growth, differentiation, and response to external signals.

Classification

The MeSH code D12.776.930 encompasses a wide range of transcription factors, which can be classified based on their structure, the mechanism of action, or the biological processes they are involved in. Some of the key subclasses include:

• Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors (D12.776.930.125)
• Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors (D12.776.930.127)
• Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein (D12.776.930.150)
• Forkhead Transcription Factors (D12.776.930.325)
• Homeodomain Proteins (D12.776.930.450)
• Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors (D12.776.930.600)
• Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors (D12.776.930.700)
• Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1 (D12.776.930.669)
• STAT Transcription Factors (D12.776.930.800)
• Winged-Helix Transcription Factors (D12.776.930.900)

Each subclass includes transcription factors with specific roles in cellular processes, highlighting the diversity and complexity of gene regulation.

Function

Transcription factors are pivotal in numerous biological processes, including:

• Cell Cycle regulation
• Cell Differentiation and development
• Response to Hormones and other extracellular signals
• Apoptosis or programmed cell death
• Immune Response

By binding to specific DNA sequences, transcription factors can either promote or inhibit the transcription of associated genes, thereby controlling protein production and cell behavior.

Importance in Research and Medicine

Understanding the function and regulation of transcription factors is crucial for biomedical research and has implications for treating diseases. For example, mutations in transcription factor genes can lead to developmental disorders, cancer, and other diseases. As such, transcription factors are often targets for therapeutic intervention in conditions where gene expression needs to be modulated.

See Also

• Gene Expression
• Protein-DNA Interaction
• Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid
• Signal Transduction