Londinium

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Iter.Britanniarum

Boadicea Statuary Group

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Londinium was the Roman name for what is now modern London. Founded in the first century AD, shortly after the Roman conquest of Britain in AD 43, it served as a major commercial center in Roman Britain until its abandonment during the 5th century with the collapse of Roman rule.

History

The establishment of Londinium followed the Roman invasion of Britain by the forces of Emperor Claudius. The city's strategic location on the River Thames facilitated trade and communication with the continent. Londinium quickly grew into a bustling urban center, marked by the construction of a forum, basilica, thermal baths, and a large amphitheater.

Around AD 60-61, Londinium was attacked and destroyed by native tribes led by Boudica, queen of the Iceni. However, the city was swiftly rebuilt and continued to expand. By the early 2nd century, it had become the capital of the Roman province of Britannia. The city's importance is underscored by the construction of a defensive wall, parts of which are still visible today, known as the London Wall.

Despite suffering from periodic economic downturns and plagues, Londinium remained a significant Roman settlement until the decline of the Roman Empire in the West. By the 5th century, as Roman control weakened, Londinium was largely abandoned in favor of smaller, more defensible locations.

Archaeology

Excavations in modern London have uncovered extensive evidence of the city's Roman past, including remnants of buildings, roads, and personal artifacts. These archaeological finds have provided valuable insights into the daily life, economy, and structure of Roman Londinium.

Legacy

The legacy of Londinium is evident in modern London's layout, place names, and the continued discovery of Roman artifacts. It laid the foundations for London to become one of the world's foremost cities, influencing its development for centuries to come.