Longline fishing

Longline fishing is a commercial fishing method that uses a long fishing line, often packed with baited hooks spaced at intervals by means of branch lines called "snoods". A snood is a short length of line, attached to the main line using a clip or swivel, with the hook at the other end. Longlines are used in both coastal and offshore waters and are often used to catch species such as tuna and swordfish.

History

The concept of longline fishing has been around for centuries, with early iterations seen in traditional Japanese fishing techniques. The method became more popular in the 20th century as advancements in fishing gear technology made it more efficient and effective.

Method

Longline fishing involves setting a long line, called the main line, across the water. The main line can be up to 100 kilometers long and is supported in the water column with buoys or floats. Baited hooks are attached to the main line at regular intervals by means of branch lines, or snoods. The bait used varies depending on the target species, but can include squid, mackerel, and other fish species.

Environmental Impact

While longline fishing is an effective method for catching large quantities of fish, it can also have significant environmental impact. Bycatch, the unintentional capture of non-target species, is a major concern. Species often caught as bycatch in longline fisheries include sea turtles, sharks, and seabirds. Efforts are being made to reduce bycatch in longline fisheries through the use of circle hooks and other gear modifications.

Regulation

Regulation of longline fishing varies by country and is often governed by both national and international laws. In the United States, longline fishing is regulated by the National Marine Fisheries Service. Regulations may include limits on the number of hooks that can be used, restrictions on fishing areas, and requirements for bycatch reduction gear.